A brief history of innovations
Communication units, morphology, and syntax
Emerging semantics. A. Semantics of tight integration. B. Semantics of visual metaphors. C. Diagram semantics. D. Semantics of cartooning. E. Semantics of space, line, and composition. F. Semantics of time
Functional semantics of content
Functional semantics of rhetoric
Pragmatics of visual language. A. Social context and principal applications. B. Multifaceted reading process. C. Design and effectiveness
Conclusions and challenges.
